一、ansible变量优先级
extra vars变量（在命令行中用-e）；优先级最高在
inventory中定义的连接变量（比如ansible_ssh_user）；优先级第二大多数其他变量（命令行转换、play中的变量、role中的变量、include的变量）；优先级第三
在
inventory中定义的其他变量；优先级第四有系统发现的
facts变量；优先级第五role的defaults变量；优先级最低
注意： 在inventory清单中定义的变量：单个主机定义的变量优先级高于主机组定义的变量
经过实验，ansible使用inventory定义变量的优先级顺序从高到低为：
host_vars下定义变量 ---> inventory中单个主机定义变量 ---> group_vars下定义变量 ---> inventory中组定义变量
1、YAML陷阱
YAML语法要求如果值以{{ foo }}开头的话，那么就需要将整行用双引号包起来，这是为了确认你不是想声明一个YAML字典。 如下面配置是不行的！！！
---
- hosts: app_servers
vars:
app_path: {{ base_path }}/data/web应该改成下面这样：
---
- hosts: app_servers
vars:
app_path: "{{ base_path }}/data/web"二、Ansible-playbook变量配置方式
1、在inventory中定义变量
可以直接在inventory（具体位置由ansible.cfg定义，配置文件优先级见上篇文章）中定义变量，表示该变量对对应的主机或主机组有效
$ cat ./hosts
[test]
192.168.2.20 key=20180101
192.168.2.21 key="niubility"
$ vim ansi.yml
---
- hosts: all
gather_facts: False
tasks:
- name: haha
debug: msg="the {{ inventory_hostname }} value is {{ key }}"
# 执行结果（注意 inventory_hostname 代表 inventory 列表列表里被控节点的主机名）：
$ ansible-playbook ansi.yml
PLAY [all] ********************************************************************************************************
TASK [haha] ********************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.4.7.101] => {
"msg": "the 192.168.2.20 value is 20180101"
}
ok: [10.4.7.102] => {
"msg": "the 192.168.2.21 value is niubility"
}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************************
10.4.7.101 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
10.4.7.102 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 2、通过host_vars和group_vars定义
可以通过在 ansible.cfg 配置文件的同目录下，新建目录 host_vars 和 group_vars 目录，用来存放定义的变量
在inventory清单中，单个主机定义的变量优先级高于group_vars定义的变量
➜ Ansible git:(master) ~ # tree
.
├── ansible.cfg
├── ansible.cfg.default
├── group_vars
│ └── test
├── hosts
├── host_vars
│ ├── 192.168.2.20
│ └── 192.168.2.21
➜ Ansible git:(master) ~ # cat host_vars/192.168.2.20
---
ansible_ssh_user: root
➜ Ansible git:(master) ~ # cat group_vars/test
---
ansible_ssh_user: xkj
test: group_vars3、通过var_file定义
$ cat vars.yml
---
key: jiayou
$ cat play.yml
---
- hosts: all
gather_facts: False
vars_files:
- vars.yml
tasks:
- name: debug
debug: msg="the {{ inventory_hostname }} valus is {{ key }}"
$ ansible-playbook bo.yml
TASK [debug] **********************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.20] => {
"msg": "the 192.168.2.20 valus is jiayou"
}
ok: [192.168.2.21] => {
"msg": "the 192.168.2.21 valus is jiayou"
}4、通过vars_prompt交互式定义
在playbook中定义vars_prompt的变量名和交互式提示信息，就可以实现在运行playbook时，通过交互的传入变量值。 private字段：用来定义交互时是否显示输入的值，默认private为yes，即不显示输入的值； default字段：用来定义变量的默认值
$ cat prom.yml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
vars_prompt:
- name: "var1"
prompt: "please input you name"
private: no
- name: "var2"
prompt: "please input you age"
private: yes
default: 18
tasks:
- name: display var1
debug: msg="your name of var1 is {{ var1 }}"
- name: display var2
debug: msg="you age of var2 is {{ var2 }}"
$ ansible-playbook prom.yml
➜ Ansible git:(master) ✗ ansible-playbook tmp/prom.yml
[WARNING]: Invalid characters were found in group names but not replaced, use -vvvv to see details
please input you name: test
please input you age [18]:
TASK [display var1] ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.20] => {
"msg": "your name of var1 is test"
}
ok: [192.168.2.21] => {
"msg": "your name of var1 is test"
}
TASK [display var2] ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.20] => {
"msg": "you age of var2 is 111"
}
ok: [192.168.2.21] => {
"msg": "you age of var2 is 111"
}
PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.2.20 : ok=3 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
192.168.2.21 : ok=3 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 5、通过命令行传入
除了vars_prompt和vars_files，也可以通过ansible-playbook命令行发送变量。如果想要编写一个通用的发布playbook时则特别有用！你可以传递应用的版本以便部署。例如下面命令（注意： --extra-vars 相等于 -e）
➜ Ansible git:(master) # cat tmp/exap.yml
---
- hosts: '{{hosts}}'
remote_user: '{{user}}'
gather_facts: no
tasks:
- name: "一个测试"
debug: msg="your hosts is {{hosts}}, user is {{user}}"
➜ Ansible git:(master) # ansible-playbook -e "hosts=test user=root" tmp/exap.yml
[WARNING]: Invalid characters were found in group names but not replaced, use -vvvv to see details
[WARNING]: Found variable using reserved name: hosts
PLAY [test] ***********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [一个测试] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.20] => {
"msg": "your hosts is test, user is root"
}
ok: [192.168.2.21] => {
"msg": "your hosts is test, user is root"
}
PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.2.20 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
192.168.2.21 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0也可以将参数放在文件里面进行传递（注意命令行里要是用"@文件名"）：
# 同样使用上面的例子
$ cat anhui.yml
---
hosts: test
user: root
$ ansible-playbook exap.yml -e "@anhui.yml"
[WARNING]: Found variable using reserved name: hosts
PLAY [test] *************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.4.7.101]
TASK [一个测试] *************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.4.7.101] => {
"msg": "your hosts is test, user is root"
}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************************
10.4.7.101 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 6、 在playbook剧本中定义变量
在playbook中定义变量需要用到Ansible的vars模块，可以将所有需要用到的变量统一在vars模块下定义，定义格式需要遵循YAML语言格式：
语法格式：
vars:
- var1: value1
- var2: value2
- var3: value3
- ....: .....示例：
$ cat playbook.yml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
vars:
- dir1: /root/Ansible
- dir2: /root/Ansible/test1
- dir3: /root/Ansible/test2
tasks:
- name: Create New Folder
file: name={{ dir1 }} state=directory
- name: Create New Folder
file: name={{ dir2 }} state=directory
- name: Create New Folder
file: name={{ dir3 }} state=directory
$ ansible-playbook playbook.yml
PLAY [test] *************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.4.7.101]
TASK [Create New Folder] ************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.4.7.101]
TASK [Create New Folder] ************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.4.7.101]
TASK [Create New Folder] ************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.4.7.101]
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************************
10.4.7.101 : ok=4 changed=3 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 7、通过roles角色定义变量
在Ansible的roles中定义变量，有两种方法
将变量及值的键值对形式写到
roles的vars目录下的main.yml文件中，这种方法适用于不想通过外部进行修改的变量将变量及值的键值对形式写到
roles的defaults目录下的main.yml文件中，这种变量优先级最低，适用于需要覆盖值的变量
main.yml格式如下：
---
var1: value1
var2: value2
var3: value3注意：通过Roles定义的变量只适用于当前roles。
# roles目录结构
$ tree .
.
├── hosts
├── playbook.yml
└── test
├── files
├── tasks
│ └── main.yml
├── templates
└── vars
└── main.yml
5 directories, 4 files
$ cat test/tasks/main.yml
- name: create directory
file: name={{ dir }} state=directory
- name: Get IP Address
shell: echo `{{ cmd }}` >> {{ dir }}/{{ file }}
$ cat test/vars/main.yml
cmd: hostname -I
$ cat playbook.yml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
roles:
- test
$ cat hosts
[test]
10.4.7.101 dir=/root/node2
10.4.7.102 dir=/root/node1
[node1]
10.4.7.100
[test:vars]
file=hostname.txt
$ ansible-playbook -i hosts playbook.yml
PLAY [test] *************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.4.7.101]
ok: [10.4.7.102]
TASK [test : create directory] ******************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.4.7.101]
ok: [10.4.7.102]
TASK [test : Get IP Address] ********************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.4.7.102]
changed: [10.4.7.101]
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************************
10.4.7.101 : ok=3 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
10.4.7.102 : ok=3 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 8、使用Facts获取的信息
还有其它地方可以获取变量, 这些变量是自动发现的，而不是用户自己设置的。Facts通过访问远程系统获取相应的信息，一个很好的例子就是远程主机的IP地址或者操作系统是什么
$ ansible test -m setup
# 使用以下命令可以查看哪些信息是可用的（test是上面在/etc/ansible/hosts列表文件中配置的主机群组）
$ ansible test -m setup|grep "ansible_python_version"
"ansible_python_version": "2.7.5",
# 在playbook中这样引用上面被控制主机的python版本: {{ ansible_python_version }}
$ ansible test -m setup|grep "ansible_nodename"
"ansible_nodename": "template",
# 可以在playbook中这样引用上面被控制主机的主机名: {{ ansible_nodename }}
$ ansible test -m setup | grep "ansible_hostname"
"ansible_hostname": "template",
# 被控制主机的主机名变量还可以是: {{ ansible_hostname }}如果关闭Facts，可以大大提高ansible的执行速度 ，关闭方法如下：
$ cat anhui.yml
---
- hosts: test
gather_facts: no9、register注册变量
register注册变量的主要用途是在运行命令时，把命令结果存储到一个变量中，不同模块的执行结果是不同的。运行playbook时使用-v选项可以看到可能的结果值，ansible执行任务的结果值可以保存在变量中，以便稍后使用它。
register方式主要用于在task之间传递变量。
$ cat /etc/ansible/hosts
[test]
10.4.7.101
10.4.7.102
$ cat register.yml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: register bo_test
shell: hostname -I
register: info
- name: display info
debug: msg="this host ip is {{ info['stdout'] }}"
$ ansible-playbook register.yml
PLAY [test] *************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.4.7.102]
ok: [10.4.7.101]
TASK [register bo_test] *************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.4.7.102]
changed: [10.4.7.101]
TASK [display info] *****************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.4.7.101] => {
"msg": "this host ip is 10.4.7.101 "
}
ok: [10.4.7.102] => {
"msg": "this host ip is 10.4.7.102 "
}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************
10.4.7.101 : ok=3 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
10.4.7.102 : ok=3 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=09.1、委派任务时使用循环导致的register变量问题
9.1.1、问题现象
今天编写kubernetes安装脚本时遇到个奇怪的问题，话不多说，直接上示例play
- hosts: nodes
gather_facts: no
tasks:
- name: Get join command
shell: kubeadm token create --print-join-command
delegate_to: "{{item}}"
with_items: "{{groups['master']}}"
register: join_command
failed_when: join_command.rc != 0
ignore_errors: yes
- name: test
debug:
msg: "join cmd is {{ join_command['stdout'] }}"
when: (groups['nodes'] | length > 0) and (join_command is defined)如上，可以看到我使用 delegate_to 将 Get join command 任务委派到master节点上去执行，并将结果注册为join_command变量，并使用debug模块进行查看，但是执行时报错：
fatal: [192.168.2.26]: FAILED! => {"msg": "The task includes an option with an undefined variable. The error was: 'dict object' has no attribute 'stdout'. 'dict object' has no attribute 'stdout'\n\nThe error appears to be in '/data/data/git/kubernetes/server/ansible_install/test.yaml': line 17, column 7, but may\nbe elsewhere in the file depending on the exact syntax problem.\n\nThe offending line appears to be:\n\n# when: join_command is defined\n - name: test\n ^ here\n"}9.1.2、排查过程
使用debug模块的var模块仔细观察对应的变量，playbook如下：
- hosts: nodes
gather_facts: no
tasks:
- name: Get join command
shell: kubeadm token create --print-join-command
delegate_to: "{{item}}"
with_items: "{{groups['master']}}"
register: join_command
failed_when: join_command.rc != 0
ignore_errors: yes
- name: test
debug:
var: join_command
when: (groups['nodes'] | length > 0) and (join_command is defined)输出变量如下：
"join_command": {
"changed": true,
"msg": "All items completed",
"results": [
{
"ansible_loop_var": "item",
"changed": true,
"cmd": "kubeadm token create --print-join-command",
"delta": "0:00:00.082566",
"end": "2024-05-28 10:56:16.481004",
"failed": false,
"failed_when_result": false,
"invocation": {
"module_args": {
"_raw_params": "kubeadm token create --print-join-command",
"_uses_shell": true,
"argv": null,
"chdir": null,
"creates": null,
"executable": null,
"expand_argument_vars": true,
"removes": null,
"stdin": null,
"stdin_add_newline": true,
"strip_empty_ends": true
}
},
"item": "192.168.2.25",
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"start": "2024-05-28 10:56:16.398438",
"stderr": "",
"stderr_lines": [],
"stdout": "kubeadm join 192.168.2.25:6443 --token qrk818.j9hmeeygxc7ynr2l --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:5ddcb5d0381f32f7b26e284d0489ef44e72337a36e3c8698f4d504f04ba906fa ",
"stdout_lines": [
"kubeadm join 192.168.2.25:6443 --token qrk818.j9hmeeygxc7ynr2l --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:5ddcb5d0381f32f7b26e284d0489ef44e72337a36e3c8698f4d504f04ba906fa "
]
}
],
"skipped": false
}发现进行委派后的变量不太一样，这里也放一下正常的register变量
"join_command": {
"changed": true,
"cmd": "kubeadm token create --print-join-command",
"delta": "0:00:00.080176",
"end": "2024-05-28 10:47:56.296514",
"failed": false,
"failed_when_result": false,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"start": "2024-05-28 10:47:56.290831",
"stderr": "",
"stderr_lines": [],
"stdout": "kubeadm join 192.168.2.25:6443 --token 4dvn2t.e7l46luxc87ggio2 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:5ddcb5d0381f32f7b26e284d0489ef44e72337a36e3c8698f4d504f04ba906fa ",
"stdout_lines": [
"kubeadm join 192.168.2.25:6443 --token 4dvn2t.e7l46luxc87ggio2 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:5ddcb5d0381f32f7b26e284d0489ef44e72337a36e3c8698f4d504f04ba906fa "
]
}可以看出，进行任务委派后得到的join_command.result中才包含我要的信息，且中间包含item，推测并不是任务委派导致的，而是使用循环导致的register变化，于是修改playbook如下：
- hosts: nodes
gather_facts: no
tasks:
- name: Get join command
shell: kubeadm token create --print-join-command
delegate_to: 192.168.2.25
# with_items: "{{groups['master']}}"
register: join_command
failed_when: join_command.rc != 0
ignore_errors: yes
- name: test
debug:
msg: "{{ join_command }}"
when: (groups['nodes'] | length > 0) and (join_command is defined)执行后变量结果：
"join_command": {
"changed": true,
"cmd": "kubeadm token create --print-join-command",
"delta": "0:00:00.080176",
"end": "2024-05-28 11:27:59.875088",
"failed": false,
"failed_when_result": false,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"start": "2024-05-28 11:27:59.794912",
"stderr": "",
"stderr_lines": [],
"stdout": "kubeadm join 192.168.2.25:6443 --token 4dvn2t.e7l46luxc87ggio2 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:5ddcb5d0381f32f7b26e284d0489ef44e72337a36e3c8698f4d504f04ba906fa ",
"stdout_lines": [
"kubeadm join 192.168.2.25:6443 --token 4dvn2t.e7l46luxc87ggio2 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:5ddcb5d0381f32f7b26e284d0489ef44e72337a36e3c8698f4d504f04ba906fa "
]
}综上，基本得出结论，由于使用了with_items导致registry变量问题。接下来就是解决方法。
9.1.3、解决方法
目前能想到的解决方法有两种：
取消使用循环
使用循环，修改变量使用方法
这里采用了第二种，修改变量使用方法，修改后playbook如下：
- hosts: nodes
gather_facts: no
tasks:
- name: Get join command
shell: kubeadm token create --print-join-command
delegate_to: 192.168.2.25
with_items: "{{groups['master']}}"
register: join_command
failed_when: join_command.rc != 0
ignore_errors: yes
- name: test
debug:
msg: "{{ join_command.results[0].stdout }}"
when: join_command is defined从上面变量结果看，可以看出join_command.results是一个list类型变量，而非dict，所以在调用时需要用这种形式：join_command.results[0].stdout。
test任务执行结果如下：
TASK [test] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.26] => {
"msg": "kubeadm join 192.168.2.25:6443 --token mv7n3p.k0nkbd29nwwbjsx4 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:5ddcb5d0381f32f7b26e284d0489ef44e72337a36e3c8698f4d504f04ba906fa "
}如上，解决了register变量问题。
总结：使用循环时，register变量会发生变化，需要修改对应的变量调用方法。
10、hostvars 变量
该变量用于引用其他主机上收集的facts中的数据，或者引用其他主机的主机变量、主机组变量。即从一台远程主机获取另一台远程主机的变量
$ cat /etc/ansible/hosts
[test]
10.4.7.101 addr=beijing
10.4.7.102 user=shibo age=39
$ cat test.yml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
gather_facts: False
tasks:
- name: this is test1
debug: msg="She is come from {{ hostvars['10.4.7.101']['addr'] }}"
- name: this is test2
debug: msg="I am {{ hostvars['10.4.7.102']['user'] }}, and age is {{ hostvars['10.4.7.102']['age'] }}"
$ ansible-playbook test.yml
PLAY [test] *************************************************************************************************************
TASK [this is test1] ****************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.4.7.101] => {
"msg": "She is come from beijing"
}
ok: [10.4.7.102] => {
"msg": "She is come from beijing"
}
TASK [this is test2] ****************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.4.7.101] => {
"msg": "I am shibo, and age is 39"
}
ok: [10.4.7.102] => {
"msg": "I am shibo, and age is 39"
}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************
10.4.7.101 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
10.4.7.102 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=011、列表变量、循环变量、字典变量
11.1、ansible传列表作为变量
$ cat test.yml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
gather_facts: False
vars:
- list: [1,2,3]
tasks:
- name: echo
debug: msg="{{ list }}"
$ ansible-playbook test.yml
PLAY [test] *************************************************************************************************************
TASK [echo] *************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.4.7.101] => {
"msg": [
1,
2,
3
]
}
ok: [10.4.7.102] => {
"msg": [
1,
2,
3
]
}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************
10.4.7.101 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
10.4.7.102 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=11.2、循环列表
结合循环，这个特性就变得很有用；以参数传递列表给playbook，不用在playbook中固定循环的次数与内容。
➜ Ansible git:(master) # cat tmp/exap.yml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
gather_facts: no
vars:
- list:
- 1
- 2
- 3
tasks:
- name: loop
debug:
msg: "{{item}}"
with_items: "{{list}}"
➜ Ansible git:(master) # ansible-playbook -v tmp/exap.yml
PLAY [test] ***********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [loop] ***********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.20] => (item=1) => {
"msg": 1
}
ok: [192.168.2.20] => (item=2) => {
"msg": 2
}
ok: [192.168.2.20] => (item=3) => {
"msg": 3
}
ok: [192.168.2.21] => (item=1) => {
"msg": 1
}
ok: [192.168.2.21] => (item=2) => {
"msg": 2
}
ok: [192.168.2.21] => (item=3) => {
"msg": 3
}
PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.2.20 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
192.168.2.21 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 12、set_facts变量
# 使用set_facts模块可以设置为主机的facts变量
# 实例：三、特殊变量的值
1、ansible facts变量
ok: [192.168.2.21] => {
"msg": {
"all_ipv4_addresses": [
"192.168.2.21",
"172.17.0.1",
"10.250.40.128",
"10.111.99.96",
"10.96.218.13",
"10.96.0.10",
"10.96.0.1"
],
"all_ipv6_addresses": [
"fe80::b89b:af90:6d04:5fa2",
"fe80::ecee:eeff:feee:eeee",
"fe80::ecee:eeff:feee:eeee"
],
"ansible_local": {},
"apparmor": {
"status": "disabled"
},
"architecture": "x86_64",
"bios_date": "04/01/2014",
"bios_vendor": "SeaBIOS",
"bios_version": "rel-1.16.1-0-g3208b098f51a-prebuilt.qemu.org",
"board_asset_tag": "NA",
"board_name": "NA",
"board_serial": "NA",
"board_vendor": "NA",
"board_version": "NA",
"calia8f9eba266e": {
"active": true,
"device": "calia8f9eba266e",
"features": {
"busy_poll": "off [fixed]",
"fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
"generic_receive_offload": "on",
"generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
"highdma": "on",
"hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
"l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
"large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
"loopback": "off [fixed]",
"netns_local": "off [fixed]",
"ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
"receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
"rx_all": "off [fixed]",
"rx_checksumming": "on",
"rx_fcs": "off [fixed]",
"rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]",
"rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_offload": "on",
"rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "on",
"scatter_gather": "on",
"tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
"tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on",
"tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_sctp": "on",
"tx_checksumming": "on",
"tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "on",
"tx_gre_segmentation": "on",
"tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]",
"tx_ipip_segmentation": "on",
"tx_lockless": "on [fixed]",
"tx_nocache_copy": "off",
"tx_scatter_gather": "on",
"tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on",
"tx_sctp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_sit_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "on",
"tx_vlan_offload": "on",
"tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "on",
"udp_fragmentation_offload": "on",
"vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]"
},
"hw_timestamp_filters": [],
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "fe80::ecee:eeff:feee:eeee",
"prefix": "64",
"scope": "link"
}
],
"macaddress": "ee:ee:ee:ee:ee:ee",
"mtu": 1480,
"promisc": false,
"speed": 10000,
"timestamping": [
"rx_software",
"software"
],
"type": "ether"
},
"calibab978770c0": {
"active": true,
"device": "calibab978770c0",
"features": {
"busy_poll": "off [fixed]",
"fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
"generic_receive_offload": "on",
"generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
"highdma": "on",
"hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
"l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
"large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
"loopback": "off [fixed]",
"netns_local": "off [fixed]",
"ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
"receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
"rx_all": "off [fixed]",
"rx_checksumming": "on",
"rx_fcs": "off [fixed]",
"rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]",
"rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_offload": "on",
"rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "on",
"scatter_gather": "on",
"tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
"tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on",
"tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_sctp": "on",
"tx_checksumming": "on",
"tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "on",
"tx_gre_segmentation": "on",
"tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]",
"tx_ipip_segmentation": "on",
"tx_lockless": "on [fixed]",
"tx_nocache_copy": "off",
"tx_scatter_gather": "on",
"tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on",
"tx_sctp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_sit_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "on",
"tx_vlan_offload": "on",
"tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "on",
"udp_fragmentation_offload": "on",
"vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]"
},
"hw_timestamp_filters": [],
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "fe80::ecee:eeff:feee:eeee",
"prefix": "64",
"scope": "link"
}
],
"macaddress": "ee:ee:ee:ee:ee:ee",
"mtu": 1480,
"promisc": false,
"speed": 10000,
"timestamping": [
"rx_software",
"software"
],
"type": "ether"
},
"chassis_asset_tag": "NA",
"chassis_serial": "NA",
"chassis_vendor": "QEMU",
"chassis_version": "pc-i440fx-7.2",
"cmdline": {
"BOOT_IMAGE": "/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64",
"LANG": "en_US.UTF-8",
"quiet": true,
"rd.lvm.lv": "centos/swap",
"rhgb": true,
"ro": true,
"root": "/dev/mapper/centos-root"
},
"date_time": {
"date": "2024-05-13",
"day": "13",
"epoch": "1715586180",
"epoch_int": "1715586180",
"hour": "15",
"iso8601": "2024-05-13T07:43:00Z",
"iso8601_basic": "20240513T154300910961",
"iso8601_basic_short": "20240513T154300",
"iso8601_micro": "2024-05-13T07:43:00.910961Z",
"minute": "43",
"month": "05",
"second": "00",
"time": "15:43:00",
"tz": "CST",
"tz_dst": "CST",
"tz_offset": "+0800",
"weekday": "星期一",
"weekday_number": "1",
"weeknumber": "20",
"year": "2024"
},
"default_ipv4": {
"address": "192.168.2.21",
"alias": "eth0",
"broadcast": "192.168.2.255",
"gateway": "192.168.2.1",
"interface": "eth0",
"macaddress": "1a:80:cc:42:98:2b",
"mtu": 1500,
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "192.168.2.0",
"prefix": "24",
"type": "ether"
},
"default_ipv6": {},
"device_links": {
"ids": {
"dm-0": [
"dm-name-centos-root",
"dm-uuid-LVM-qfioeKEdGA5ddvQ2WB6p3qdjFkQdsI1wYAbc0alHgruoB4FGcNbxmkRFXhC9HWYw"
],
"dm-1": [
"dm-name-centos-swap",
"dm-uuid-LVM-qfioeKEdGA5ddvQ2WB6p3qdjFkQdsI1wcKLmot3sf9F9RuSwDYn4lLAxpF2gCcDZ"
],
"sda": [
"ata-QEMU_HARDDISK_QM00005"
],
"sda1": [
"ata-QEMU_HARDDISK_QM00005-part1"
],
"sda2": [
"ata-QEMU_HARDDISK_QM00005-part2",
"lvm-pv-uuid-XwBJvP-uW4l-YaJb-3rDR-YTou-lise-3sUHSy"
],
"sr0": [
"ata-QEMU_DVD-ROM_QM00003"
]
},
"labels": {
"sr0": [
"CentOS\\x207\\x20x86_64"
]
},
"masters": {
"sda2": [
"dm-0",
"dm-1"
]
},
"uuids": {
"dm-0": [
"e9f954fc-b8a1-428b-8b50-15563c638099"
],
"dm-1": [
"d0afdfff-3a07-4544-86fe-d9fb436e9483"
],
"sda1": [
"6e152b2b-0ae0-4eec-b55d-65f24544553d"
],
"sr0": [
"2020-11-04-11-36-43-00"
]
}
},
"devices": {
"dm-0": {
"holders": [],
"host": "",
"links": {
"ids": [
"dm-name-centos-root",
"dm-uuid-LVM-qfioeKEdGA5ddvQ2WB6p3qdjFkQdsI1wYAbc0alHgruoB4FGcNbxmkRFXhC9HWYw"
],
"labels": [],
"masters": [],
"uuids": [
"e9f954fc-b8a1-428b-8b50-15563c638099"
]
},
"model": null,
"partitions": {},
"removable": "0",
"rotational": "0",
"sas_address": null,
"sas_device_handle": null,
"scheduler_mode": "",
"sectors": "398450688",
"sectorsize": "512",
"serial": "QM00005",
"size": "190.00 GB",
"support_discard": "512",
"vendor": null,
"virtual": 1
},
"dm-1": {
"holders": [],
"host": "",
"links": {
"ids": [
"dm-name-centos-swap",
"dm-uuid-LVM-qfioeKEdGA5ddvQ2WB6p3qdjFkQdsI1wcKLmot3sf9F9RuSwDYn4lLAxpF2gCcDZ"
],
"labels": [],
"masters": [],
"uuids": [
"d0afdfff-3a07-4544-86fe-d9fb436e9483"
]
},
"model": null,
"partitions": {},
"removable": "0",
"rotational": "0",
"sas_address": null,
"sas_device_handle": null,
"scheduler_mode": "",
"sectors": "16777216",
"sectorsize": "512",
"serial": "QM00005",
"size": "8.00 GB",
"support_discard": "512",
"vendor": null,
"virtual": 1
},
"sda": {
"holders": [],
"host": "",
"links": {
"ids": [
"ata-QEMU_HARDDISK_QM00005"
],
"labels": [],
"masters": [],
"uuids": []
},
"model": "QEMU HARDDISK",
"partitions": {
"sda1": {
"holders": [],
"links": {
"ids": [
"ata-QEMU_HARDDISK_QM00005-part1"
],
"labels": [],
"masters": [],
"uuids": [
"6e152b2b-0ae0-4eec-b55d-65f24544553d"
]
},
"sectors": "4194304",
"sectorsize": 512,
"size": "2.00 GB",
"start": "2048",
"uuid": "6e152b2b-0ae0-4eec-b55d-65f24544553d"
},
"sda2": {
"holders": [
"centos-root",
"centos-swap"
],
"links": {
"ids": [
"ata-QEMU_HARDDISK_QM00005-part2",
"lvm-pv-uuid-XwBJvP-uW4l-YaJb-3rDR-YTou-lise-3sUHSy"
],
"labels": [],
"masters": [
"dm-0",
"dm-1"
],
"uuids": []
},
"sectors": "415234048",
"sectorsize": 512,
"size": "198.00 GB",
"start": "4196352",
"uuid": null
}
},
"removable": "0",
"rotational": "0",
"sas_address": null,
"sas_device_handle": null,
"scheduler_mode": "deadline",
"sectors": "419430400",
"sectorsize": "512",
"serial": "QM00005",
"size": "200.00 GB",
"support_discard": "512",
"vendor": "ATA",
"virtual": 1
},
"sr0": {
"holders": [],
"host": "",
"links": {
"ids": [
"ata-QEMU_DVD-ROM_QM00003"
],
"labels": [
"CentOS\\x207\\x20x86_64"
],
"masters": [],
"uuids": [
"2020-11-04-11-36-43-00"
]
},
"model": "QEMU DVD-ROM",
"partitions": {},
"removable": "1",
"rotational": "1",
"sas_address": null,
"sas_device_handle": null,
"scheduler_mode": "deadline",
"sectors": "9203712",
"sectorsize": "2048",
"size": "4.39 GB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": "QEMU",
"virtual": 1
}
},
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python",
"distribution": "CentOS",
"distribution_file_parsed": true,
"distribution_file_path": "/etc/redhat-release",
"distribution_file_variety": "RedHat",
"distribution_major_version": "7",
"distribution_release": "Core",
"distribution_version": "7.9",
"dns": {
"nameservers": [
"192.168.2.7",
"223.5.5.5"
]
},
"docker0": {
"active": false,
"device": "docker0",
"features": {
"busy_poll": "off [fixed]",
"fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
"generic_receive_offload": "on",
"generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
"highdma": "on",
"hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
"l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
"large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
"loopback": "off [fixed]",
"netns_local": "on [fixed]",
"ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
"receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
"rx_all": "off [fixed]",
"rx_checksumming": "off [fixed]",
"rx_fcs": "off [fixed]",
"rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]",
"rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]",
"scatter_gather": "on",
"tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
"tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on",
"tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksumming": "on",
"tx_fcoe_segmentation": "on",
"tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "on",
"tx_gre_segmentation": "on",
"tx_gso_partial": "on",
"tx_gso_robust": "on",
"tx_ipip_segmentation": "on",
"tx_lockless": "on [fixed]",
"tx_nocache_copy": "off",
"tx_scatter_gather": "on",
"tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on",
"tx_sctp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_sit_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "on",
"tx_vlan_offload": "on",
"tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "on",
"udp_fragmentation_offload": "on",
"vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]"
},
"hw_timestamp_filters": [],
"id": "8000.0242f3a61e53",
"interfaces": [],
"ipv4": {
"address": "172.17.0.1",
"broadcast": "172.17.255.255",
"netmask": "255.255.0.0",
"network": "172.17.0.0",
"prefix": "16"
},
"macaddress": "02:42:f3:a6:1e:53",
"mtu": 1500,
"promisc": false,
"stp": false,
"timestamping": [
"rx_software",
"software"
],
"type": "bridge"
},
"domain": "",
"dummy0": {
"active": false,
"device": "dummy0",
"features": {
"busy_poll": "off [fixed]",
"fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
"generic_receive_offload": "on",
"generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
"highdma": "on [fixed]",
"hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
"l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
"large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
"loopback": "off [fixed]",
"netns_local": "off [fixed]",
"ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
"receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
"rx_all": "off [fixed]",
"rx_checksumming": "off [fixed]",
"rx_fcs": "off [fixed]",
"rx_gro_hw": "off [fixed]",
"rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]",
"scatter_gather": "on",
"tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
"tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksumming": "on",
"tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]",
"tx_ipip_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_lockless": "on [fixed]",
"tx_nocache_copy": "off",
"tx_scatter_gather": "on [fixed]",
"tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on [fixed]",
"tx_sctp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_sit_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp6_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp_segmentation": "on [fixed]",
"tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "off [fixed]",
"udp_fragmentation_offload": "off [fixed]",
"vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]"
},
"hw_timestamp_filters": [],
"macaddress": "4a:22:9d:27:e9:21",
"mtu": 1500,
"promisc": false,
"timestamping": [
"rx_software",
"software"
],
"type": "ether"
},
"effective_group_id": 0,
"effective_user_id": 0,
"env": {
"HOME": "/root",
"LANG": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"LC_ADDRESS": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"LC_IDENTIFICATION": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"LC_MEASUREMENT": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"LC_MONETARY": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"LC_NAME": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"LC_NUMERIC": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"LC_PAPER": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"LC_TELEPHONE": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"LC_TIME": "zh_CN.UTF-8",
"LOGNAME": "root",
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"tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on",
"tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksumming": "on",
"tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]",
"tx_ipip_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_lockless": "on [fixed]",
"tx_nocache_copy": "off",
"tx_scatter_gather": "on",
"tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on",
"tx_sctp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_sit_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "off [fixed]",
"udp_fragmentation_offload": "on",
"vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]"
},
"hw_timestamp_filters": [],
"ipv4": {
"address": "10.250.40.128",
"broadcast": "",
"netmask": "255.255.255.255",
"network": "10.250.40.128",
"prefix": "32"
},
"macaddress": "00:00:00:00",
"mtu": 1480,
"promisc": false,
"timestamping": [
"rx_software",
"software"
],
"type": "unknown"
},
"uptime_seconds": 19121,
"user_dir": "/root",
"user_gecos": "root",
"user_gid": 0,
"user_id": "root",
"user_shell": "/bin/bash",
"user_uid": 0,
"userspace_architecture": "x86_64",
"userspace_bits": "64",
"virtualization_role": "guest",
"virtualization_tech_guest": [
"kvm"
],
"virtualization_tech_host": [
"kvm"
],
"virtualization_type": "kvm"
}
}2、register变量
# 测试yaml如下：
---
- name: test
hosts: test
gather_facts: no
tasks:
- name: test
shell: whoami
register: init_status
- name: debug
debug:
msg: "{{init_status}}"debug返回信息如下：
ok: [192.168.2.20] => {
"msg": {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"cmd": "whoami",
"delta": "0:00:00.007385",
"end": "2024-05-13 12:01:24.173776",
"failed": false,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"start": "2024-05-13 12:01:24.166391",
"stderr": "",
"stderr_lines": [],
"stdout": "root",
"stdout_lines": [
"root"
]
}
}
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